Preface – This post is part of the ABAP Programs series.
To delete duplicates in ABAP either from a string or an internal table, we need to use ABAP statement “DELETE ADJACENT DUPLICATES FROM”. In this article, we have taken an example, which implements deletion of duplicate data when two strings are merged. This process also involves internal table.
Introduction
DELETE ADJACENT DUPLICATES FROM <Internal Table> COMPARING <field name>.
Using the ABAP statement mentioned above, we can compare values of a column of any table/ internal table and delete the duplicates. Once the duplicates are deleted, we get unique values from a string/ internal table.
SPLIT <variable> AT ‘,’ INTO TABLE <internal table>.
Using the ABAP statement mentioned above, we can divide a string in to a form of internal table where each data is separated by comma ‘,’.
Delete Duplicates in ABAP – Image Illustration
ABAP Program to Delete duplicates
DATA : lv_string TYPE string,
lv_string2 TYPE string,
lv_string_final TYPE string.
TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_data,
auth TYPE c,
END OF ty_data.
DATA: ls_user TYPE ty_data,
ls_user2 TYPE ty_data,
lt_user2 TYPE TABLE OF ty_data,
lt_user TYPE TABLE OF ty_data.
lv_string = 'a,b,c,a'.
lv_string2 = 'd,b,c,a'.
SPLIT lv_string AT ',' INTO TABLE lt_user.
SPLIT lv_string2 AT ',' INTO TABLE lt_user2.
LOOP AT lt_user2 ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<fs_field>).
INSERT <fs_field> INTO TABLE lt_user.
ENDLOOP.
SORT lt_user BY auth.
DELETE ADJACENT DUPLICATES FROM lt_user COMPARING auth.
IF sy-subrc = 0.
LOOP AT lt_user ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<fs_user_table>).
IF lv_string_final IS INITIAL.
lv_string_final = <fs_user_table>-auth.
ELSE.
CONCATENATE lv_string_final <fs_user_table>-auth INTO lv_string_final SEPARATED BY ','.
ENDIF.
ENDLOOP.
ENDIF.
WRITE lv_string_final.
Explanation
Here, we have written program which tIn the above program, following steps have been implemented:
Initially, we have defined variables: lv_string, lv_string2 and lv_string_final of type string. These variables will be used to feed two input strings and save the merged the string.
Now, we have defined a structure with one field. We have created this so that we can use this field to perform duplicate deletion.
Again, we have defined variables: ls_user, ls_user2, lt_user2 and lt_user. These are the work areas (ls) and internal tables (lt). These will be used to store data line by line from the strings defined in step 01 above.
Now, we will feed some default data in form of strings i.e. lv_string = ‘a,b,c,a’ and lv_string2 = ‘d,b,c,a’. These variables do contain duplicate data.
Here, we converted the strings into internal table.
Then, we deleted duplicates from the internal table created above.
Then, we have again concatenated the new internal table data i.e. unique data into a string divided by comma ‘,’.
Preface – This post is part of the ABAP Programs series.
TYPE-POOLS truxs.
PARAMETERS p_file TYPE rlgrap-filename.
TYPES : BEGIN OF t_tab,
workstream TYPE char50,
task TYPE zci_task,
task_type TYPE char50,
END OF t_tab.
DATA : t_upload1 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ZDEMO_TEST2,
wa_upload1 TYPE ZDEMO_TEST2.
AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON VALUE-REQUEST FOR p_file.
CALL FUNCTION 'F4_FILENAME'
EXPORTING
field_name = 'P_FILE'
IMPORTING
file_name = p_file.
START-OF-SELECTION.
CALL FUNCTION 'TEXT_CONVERT_XLS_TO_SAP'
EXPORTING
i_tab_raw_data = it_type
i_filename = p_file
TABLES
i_tab_converted_data = t_upload[]
EXCEPTIONS
conversion_failed = 1
OTHERS = 2.
IF sy-subrc <> 0.
MESSAGE ID sy-msgid TYPE sy-msgty NUMBER sy-msgno
WITH sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 .
ENDIF.
CALL FUNCTION 'UPLOAD_XLS_FILE_2_ITAB'
EXPORTING
i_filename = p_file
tables
e_itab = t_upload1
EXCEPTIONS
FILE_ERROR = 1
OTHERS = 2
.
IF sy-subrc <> 0.
Implement suitable error handling here
ENDIF.
END-OF-SELECTION.
DATA : ls_cc_impl TYPE ZDEMO_TEST2,
lt_cc_impl TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ZDEMO_TEST2.
LOOP AT t_upload1 INTO wa_upload1.
ls_cc_impl-mandt = sy-mandt.
ls_cc_impl-INCIDENT = wa_upload1-INCIDENT.
APPEND ls_cc_impl TO lt_cc_impl.
ENDLOOP.
MODIFY ZDEMO_TEST2 FROM TABLE lt_cc_impl.
CLASS cl_grand DEFINITION.
PUBLIC SECTION.
CLASS-DATA v_test TYPE char40.
CLASS-METHODS class_constructor.
METHODS constructor.
DATA a type i.
CLASS-DATA b TYPE i.
ENDCLASS. "cl_grand DEFINITION
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* CLASS cl_grand IMPLEMENTATION
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
*
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
CLASS cl_grand IMPLEMENTATION.
METHOD class_constructor.
v_test = 'Static Constructor - Grand Parent'.
b = 30.
WRITE: /3 v_test.
ENDMETHOD. "class_constructor
METHOD constructor.
a = 30.
v_test = 'Instance Constructor - Grand Parent'.
WRITE: /3 v_test.
ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS. "cl_grand IMPLEMENTATION
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* CLASS cl_parent DEFINITION
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
*
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
CLASS cl_parent DEFINITION INHERITING FROM cl_grand.
PUBLIC SECTION.
CLASS-METHODS class_constructor.
METHODS constructor.
ENDCLASS. "cl_parent DEFINITION
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* CLASS cl_parent IMPLEMENTATION
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
*
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
CLASS cl_parent IMPLEMENTATION.
METHOD class_constructor.
v_test = 'Static Constructor - Parent'.
b = 20.
WRITE: /3 v_test.
ENDMETHOD. "class_constructor
METHOD constructor .
* data a type i.
super->constructor( ).
a = 20.
v_test = 'Instance Constructor -Parent'.
WRITE: /3 v_test.
ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS. "cl_parent IMPLEMENTATION
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* CLASS cl_child DEFINITION
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
*
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
CLASS cl_child DEFINITION INHERITING FROM cl_parent.
PUBLIC SECTION.
CLASS-METHODS class_constructor.
METHODS constructor.
* DATA a.
ENDCLASS. "cl_child DEFINITION
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* CLASS cl_child IMPLEMENTATION
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
*
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
CLASS cl_child IMPLEMENTATION.
METHOD class_constructor.
v_test = 'Static Constructor - Child'.
WRITE: /3 v_test.
b = 10.
ENDMETHOD. "class_constructor
METHOD constructor.
data a type i.
a = 10.
super->constructor( ).
v_test = 'Instance Constructor - Child'.
WRITE: /3 v_test.
ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS. "cl_child IMPLEMENTATION
START-OF-SELECTION.
DATA obj_child TYPE REF TO cl_child.
CREATE OBJECT obj_child.
data: a type i,
b type i.
a = obj_child->a.
write a.
write sy-uname.
delete from ztms_score .
delete from ztms_ans .
TYPES: BEGIN OF TY_DATA, "user defined type
ID TYPE N ,
NAME TYPE CHAR20,
SALARY TYPE I,
END OF TY_DATA.
DATA : ITAB TYPE TABLE OF TY_DATA. "internal table
DATA : WA TYPE TY_DATA. "work area
WA-ID = 1.
WA-NAME = 'Sapnuts'.
WA-SALARY = 5000.
COLLECT WA INTO ITAB. "collect
CLEAR WA.
WA-ID = 2.
WA-NAME = 'SAPabap'.
WA-SALARY = 50000.
COLLECT WA INTO ITAB. "collect
CLEAR WA.
WA-ID = 1.
WA-NAME = 'Sapnuts'.
WA-SALARY = 15000.
COLLECT WA INTO ITAB. "collect
CLEAR WA.
LOOP AT ITAB INTO WA.
WRITE:/ WA-ID, WA-NAME, WA-SALARY. "loop and display data
ENDLOOP.
**delete from ztms_score .
**delete from ztms_ans .
delete from ztms_user .
delete from ztms_set .
delete from ztms_ques .
Preface – This post is part of the ABAP Programs series.
CLASS a1 DEFINITION.
PUBLIC SECTION.
DATA: num1 TYPE i VALUE 100.
METHODS:m1.
ENDCLASS.
CLASS a1 IMPLEMENTATION.
METHOD m1.
WRITE: 'a1:',num1.
ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS.
CLASS b1 DEFINITION INHERITING FROM a1.
PUBLIC SECTION.
METHODS:m2, m1 REDEFINITION.
ENDCLASS.
CLASS b1 IMPLEMENTATION.
METHOD m1.
num1 = num1 .
WRITE: 'b1:',num1.
ENDMETHOD.
METHOD m2.
WRITE: 'M2 in class b1'.
ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS.
START-OF-SELECTION.
DATA: a TYPE REF TO a1.
DATA: b TYPE REF TO b1.
*data: c type REF TO c1.
****************************************************************
CREATE OBJECT b.
a = b. "upcasting
CALL METHOD a->m1( ).
*call METHOD a->m2( ). " we can't access the own sub class methods using super class ref.
NEW-LINE.
b ?= a. " down casting
CALL METHOD b->m1( ).
NEW-LINE.
CALL METHOD b->m2( ).
*****************************************************************
" error null ref
create OBJECT a.
b ?= a. "down casting still its giving dump
call METHOD b->m1( ).
*****************************************************************
CREATE OBJECT a.
TRY.
b ?= a. "u r attempted to use a 'NULL' object reference dump
CATCH cx_sy_move_cast_error.
CALL METHOD b->m1( ).
ENDTRY.
*****************************************************************
CREATE OBJECT a.
CREATE OBJECT b.
TRY.
b ?= a.
CATCH cx_sy_move_cast_error.
CALL METHOD b->m1( ).
call METHOD b->m2( ).
ENDTRY.
CLASS lcl_shape DEFINITION.
PUBLIC SECTION.
METHODS draw.
ENDCLASS.
CLASS lcl_circle DEFINITION INHERITING FROM lcl_shape.
PUBLIC SECTION.
METHODS: draw REDEFINITION,
calc_area.
ENDCLASS.
CLASS lcl_shape IMPLEMENTATION.
METHOD draw.
WRITE :/ 'Drawing any Shape'.
ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS.
CLASS lcl_circle IMPLEMENTATION.
METHOD draw.
WRITE :/ 'Drawing specific shape: Circle'.
ENDMETHOD.
METHOD calc_area.
WRITE :/ 'Area Of Crcle = 2iiR'.
ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS.
START-OF-SELECTION.
DATA : o_cir TYPE REF TO lcl_circle.
CREATE OBJECT o_cir.
CALL METHOD o_cir->draw( ). " calls subclass Draw() method
CALL METHOD o_cir->calc_area( ).
ULINE.
"--------- Narrow cast(Upcast)---------------"
DATA : o_shp TYPE REF TO lcl_shape.
o_shp = o_cir. " Narrow cast(Upcast)
CALL METHOD o_shp->draw( ). " calls sub class Draw() method
"call METHOD o_shp->calc_area( ) . " compilation error
ULINE.
"---------- Widening Cast(Downcast) -----------"
DATA : o_cir1 TYPE REF TO lcl_circle.
" o_cir1 = o_shp. " complilation error
o_cir1 ?= o_shp. " Widening Cast(Downcast)
CALL METHOD o_cir1->draw( ). " calls subclass Draw() method
CALL METHOD o_cir1->calc_area( ).
CLASS a1 DEFINITION.
PUBLIC SECTION.
DATA: num1 TYPE i VALUE 100.
METHODS:m1.
ENDCLASS.
CLASS a1 IMPLEMENTATION.
METHOD m1.
WRITE: 'a1:',num1.
ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS.
CLASS b1 DEFINITION INHERITING FROM a1.
PUBLIC SECTION.
METHODS:m2, m1 REDEFINITION.
ENDCLASS.
CLASS b1 IMPLEMENTATION.
METHOD m1.
num1 = num1 .
WRITE: 'b1:',num1.
ENDMETHOD.
METHOD m2.
WRITE: 'M2 in class b1'.
ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS.
START-OF-SELECTION.
DATA: parent TYPE REF TO a1.
DATA: child TYPE REF TO b1.
*data: c type REF TO c1.
****************************************************************
CREATE OBJECT child.
parent = child. "upcasting
CALL METHOD parent->m1( ).
CALL METHOD child->m1( ).
CALL METHOD child->m2( ).
*call METHOD a->m2( ). " we can't access the own sub class methods using super class ref.
NEW-LINE.
child ?= parent. " down casting
CALL METHOD child->m1( ).
NEW-LINE.
CALL METHOD child->m2( ).
******************************************************************
*" error null ref
*create OBJECT a.
*b ?= a. "down casting still its giving dump
*call METHOD b->m1( ).
******************************************************************
*
CREATE OBJECT a.
TRY.
b ?= a. "u r attempted to use a 'NULL' object reference dump
CATCH cx_sy_move_cast_error.
CALL METHOD b->m1( ).
ENDTRY.
******************************************************************
*
CREATE OBJECT a.
CREATE OBJECT b.
TRY.
b ?= a.
CATCH cx_sy_move_cast_error.
CALL METHOD b->m1( ).
call METHOD b->m2( ).
ENDTRY.
******** Unique Values******************
DATA : lv_string TYPE string,
lv_string2 TYPE string,
lv_string_final TYPE string.
TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_data,
auth TYPE c,
END OF ty_data.
DATA: ls_user TYPE ty_data,
ls_user2 TYPE ty_data,
lt_user2 TYPE TABLE OF ty_data,
lt_user TYPE TABLE OF ty_data.
lv_string = 'a,b,c,a'.
lv_string2 = 'd,b,c,a'.
SPLIT lv_string AT ',' INTO TABLE lt_user.
SPLIT lv_string2 AT ',' INTO TABLE lt_user2.
LOOP AT lt_user2 ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<fs_field>).
INSERT <fs_field> INTO TABLE lt_user.
ENDLOOP.
SORT lt_user BY auth.
DELETE ADJACENT DUPLICATES FROM lt_user COMPARING auth.
IF sy-subrc = 0.
LOOP AT lt_user ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<fs_user_table>).
IF lv_string_final IS INITIAL.
lv_string_final = <fs_user_table>-auth.
ELSE.
CONCATENATE lv_string_final <fs_user_table>-auth INTO lv_string_final SEPARATED BY ','.
ENDIF.
ENDLOOP.
ENDIF.
WRITE lv_string_final.
Preface – This post is part of the ABAP Programs series.
In ABAP, you might have learned to create global classes using SE24, Transaction code. But some time, there is a requirement to create a local class and its method call altogether in a report. In this article, we will learn how to implement Local Classes in ABAP.
Introduction
Local Classes in ABAP are just like classes of Programming language C/C++. We define following while doing Local classes implementation in ABAP:
Class: We define a class with different section: Public, Private and Protected
Method: We define Importing, Exporting and Exception parameters for a Method
Create Object: This we create for our Global classes too, used to create an object for a Class in our regular ABAP programs
CALL METHOD: To call the methods of class, using the object created above.
Local Class Implementation in ABAP – Image Illustration
ABAP Program
Program Requirement: Get basic and salary details of an employee from two different classes. Take Employee ID as input.
CLASS class_test DEFINITION DEFERRED.
PARAMETERS: p_empid TYPE char8.
DATA: wa_emp TYPE zBarry_emp,
wa_emp2 TYPE zBarry_sal.
DATA: obj TYPE REF TO class_test.
INTERFACE interface.
METHODS: method2
IMPORTING imp2 TYPE char8
EXPORTING exp2 TYPE zBarry_sal.
ENDINTERFACE.
CLASS class_test DEFINITION.
PUBLIC SECTION.
EVENTS: event1.
INTERFACES: interface.
METHODS: method1
IMPORTING imp TYPE char8
EXPORTING exp TYPE zBarry_emp.
METHODS: eventhandler FOR EVENT event1 OF class_test.
ENDCLASS.
CREATE OBJECT obj.
SET HANDLER obj->eventhandler FOR obj.
CALL METHOD obj->method1
EXPORTING
imp = p_empid
IMPORTING
exp = wa_emp.
CALL METHOD obj->interface~method2
EXPORTING
imp2 = p_empid
IMPORTING
exp2 = wa_emp2.
WRITE:/ wa_emp.
write:/ wa_emp2-empid, wa_emp2-tid,wa_emp2-mon.
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Class (Implementation) class_test
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* Text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
CLASS class_test IMPLEMENTATION.
METHOD method1.
SELECT * FROM zBarry_emp INTO exp WHERE empid = imp.
ENDSELECT.
IF sy-subrc NE 0.
RAISE EVENT event1 .
ENDIF.
ENDMETHOD.
METHOD interface~method2.
SELECT * FROM zBarry_sal INTO exp2 WHERE empid = imp2.
ENDSELECT.
ENDMETHOD.
METHOD eventhandler.
WRITE:/ 'wrong empid'.
ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS. "class_test
Code Explanation
In the above code, we have done following implementation, step by step:
Initially, we have defined Parameters to take Employee ID as input, variables to define work area to store data of Employee basic details and Salary details and object obj
Implementation of one local class and an interface.
Exporting Employee ID and getting relevant data from these classes/interface.
Preface – This post is part of the ABAP Programs series.
Lock Objects in SAP ABAP are global reusable component which generates function modules i.e. ENQUEUE_E_TABLE and DEQUEUE_E_TABLE that are used to set and release locks on data record. This Enqueue and Dequeue method is used to lock and unlock any object in SAP ABAP. In this article, we will learn these methods with the help of a program. Before starting this, you must read the basic concepts of Lock Objects in SAP ABAP.
Introduction
It is very important to lock an object that is under development. By object we mean everything i.e. Tables, Views, Reports, Methods, Function Modules, and all. ABAP too provides these features by default for their standard interfaces. But what if you need to create one for your own table. Then you need to use the given two Function Modules:
ENQUEUE_E_TABLE: To Add Lock
DEQUEUE_E_TABLE: To Remove Lock
Enqueue and Dequeue in ABAP- Image Illustration
ABAP Program to perform Enqueue and Dequeue Operations
DATA: varkey LIKE rstable-varkey.
varkey = sy-mandt.
CALL FUNCTION 'ENQUEUE_E_TABLE' "Add Lock
EXPORTING
* MODE_RSTABLE = 'E'
tabname = 'ZBarry_TEST'
varkey = varkey
* X_TABNAME = ' '
* X_VARKEY = ' '
* _SCOPE = '2'
* _WAIT = ' '
* _COLLECT = ' '
EXCEPTIONS
foreign_lock = 1
system_failure = 2
OTHERS = 3.
CASE sy-subrc.
WHEN 1.
MESSAGE i184(bctrain) WITH 'Foreign lock'.
WHEN 2.
MESSAGE i184(bctrain) WITH 'system failure'.
WHEN 0.
MESSAGE i184(bctrain) WITH 'success'.
WHEN OTHERS.
MESSAGE i184(bctrain) WITH 'others'.
ENDCASE.
CALL FUNCTION 'DEQUEUE_E_TABLE' "Remove Lock
EXPORTING
* MODE_RSTABLE = 'E'
tabname = 'ZBarry_TEST'
varkey = varkey
* X_TABNAME = ' '
* X_VARKEY = ' '
* _SCOPE = '3'
* _SYNCHRON = ' '
* _COLLECT = ' '
.
IF sy-subrc <> 0.
* Implement suitable error handling here
ENDIF.
Code Explanation
The above program is self explanatory, still we will explain key points below:
Initially, we have defined a variable varkey which will give the client information. It tells, ABAP, for which client, you want to block/unblock the table. It is taken automatically using sy-mandt.
Then we have called Function ‘ENQUEUE_E_TABLE’, it returns either either success, failure or Foreign lock exception.
Later, when we are done with our changes regarding our table, we need to unlock the same. For that we call Function ‘DEQUEUE_E_TABLE’.
Preface – This post is part of the ABAP Programs series.
Interactive Report in SAP ABAP is a report where you can interact with the output page of report. You can click on an item of a list to get its details. In this article, we will discuss an example of Interactive Reports. To know more about Events in Interactive Report click here. Do check Interactive Reporting – FAQs for more clarification.
Introduction
ABAP report has more often a requirement to display expandable lists.
For example, On first page you have been provided basic details of employees.
Report – Page 1 Illustration
On click of a line item i.e. Employee ID (Here, we have clicked, 1117582), you are navigated to another page where you can see the employee Annual Salary.
Report – Page 2 Image Illustration
If you still want to know further, you again clicked on Employee ID(Here, we have clicked, 1117582) here and now you are navigated to third page where you see employee’s salary structure.
Report Page 3 – Image Illustration
These all things are possible in SAP ABAP using Interactive Reports.
ABAP Interactive Report Program
Program Requirement: Create an ABAP report to take Employee ID as Input and display basic details i.e. Employee ID, First Name and Last Name on First page (list 0). On click of Employee ID, display employee salary details on list 1. Again on click of Employee ID, display address details on list 2.
TABLES zBarry_emp.
TABLES zBarry_sal.
DATA : it_emp1 TYPE TABLE OF zBarry_emp,
it_emp2 TYPE TABLE OF zBarry_sal,
wa_emp TYPE zBarry_emp,
wa_emp2 TYPE zBarry_sal,
it_emp3 TYPE TABLE OF zBarry_add,
wa_emp3 TYPE zBarry_add,
fnam TYPE char20,
fval TYPE INT4,
fnam1 TYPE char20,
fval1 TYPE INT4.
set PF-STATUS 'PFSTATUS'.
SELECT-OPTIONS : p_empid FOR zBarry_emp-empid.
AT USER-COMMAND.
CASE SY-UCOMM.
WHEN 'MAIN'.
sy-lsind = 1.
PERFORM display_data.
ENDCASE.
AT SELECTION-SCREEN.
PERFORM validate_input.
START-OF-SELECTION.
PERFORM get_data.
PERFORM display_data.
TOP-OF-PAGE.
FORMAT COLOR COL_HEADING INVERSE.
WRITE 'BASIC EMPLOYEE DETAILS'.
TOP-OF-PAGE DURING LINE-SELECTION.
IF sy-lsind = 1.
FORMAT COLOR COL_HEADING INVERSE.
WRITE 'EMPLOYEE SALARY DETAILS'.
ELSEIF sy-lsind = 2.
FORMAT COLOR COL_HEADING INVERSE.
WRITE 'EMPLOYEE ADDRESS DETAILS'.
ENDIF.
AT LINE-SELECTION.
PERFORM primary_list.
PERFORM secondary_list.
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form VALIDATE_INPUT
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* --> p1 text
* <-- p2 text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM validate_input . "validating input
IF p_empid IS INITIAL.
MESSAGE 'Please Enter Employee Number' TYPE 'E'. "if the employee id field is left blank
ELSE.
SELECT empid FROM zBarry_emp INTO TABLE it_emp1 WHERE empid IN p_empid.
IF sy-subrc <> 0.
MESSAGE 'Please Enter Correct Employee Number' TYPE 'E'. "if wrong employee id is entered
ENDIF.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM.
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form GET_DATA
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* --> p1 text
* <-- p2 text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM get_data . "fetching basic employee details from table
SELECT * FROM zBarry_emp INTO TABLE it_emp1 WHERE empid IN p_empid.
ENDFORM.
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form DISPLAY_DATA
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* --> p1 text
* <-- p2 text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM display_data . "displaying data
FORMAT COLOR COL_NEGATIVE INVERSE.
WRITE:/,3 'Employee ID',
20 'First NAME',
35 'Last NAME'.
SKIP.
LOOP AT it_emp1 INTO wa_emp.
FORMAT COLOR COL_POSITIVE INVERSE.
WRITE : /3 wa_emp-empid,20 wa_emp-emp_fname,35 wa_emp-emp_lname.
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form PRIMARY_LIST
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* --> p1 text
* <-- p2 text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM primary_list . "fetching employee salary details on list 1
IF sy-lsind = 1.
GET CURSOR FIELD fnam VALUE fval.
IF fnam = 'WA_EMP-EMPID'. "if employee id is selected
SELECT * FROM zBarry_sal INTO TABLE it_emp2 WHERE empid = fval .
FORMAT COLOR COL_NEGATIVE INVERSE.
WRITE:/,3 'Employee ID',
20 'Transaction ID',
35 'Month',
55 'Date Of Salary'.
SKIP.
LOOP AT it_emp2 INTO wa_emp2.
FORMAT COLOR COL_POSITIVE INVERSE.
WRITE : /3 wa_emp2-empid,20 wa_emp2-tid,35 wa_emp2-mon,55 wa_emp2-dos.
ENDLOOP.
ENDIF.
IF fnam = 'WA_EMP-EMP_FNAME'. "if employee name is selected
WRITE: / 'name'.
ENDIF.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM.
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form SECONDARY_LIST
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* --> p1 text
* <-- p2 text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM secondary_list . "fetching employee address details on list 2
IF sy-lsind = 2.
GET CURSOR FIELD fnam1 VALUE fval1.
IF fnam = 'WA_EMP-EMPID'. "if employee id is selected
SELECT * FROM zBarry_add INTO TABLE it_emp3 WHERE empid = fval1 .
FORMAT COLOR COL_NEGATIVE INVERSE.
WRITE:/,3 'Employee ID',
20 'Flat No.',
35 'Street Name',
55 'City Name'.
SKIP.
LOOP AT it_emp3 INTO wa_emp3.
FORMAT COLOR COL_POSITIVE INVERSE.
WRITE : /3 wa_emp3-empid,20 wa_emp3-flat_no,35 wa_emp3-street_name,55 wa_emp3-city_name.
ENDLOOP.
ENDIF.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM.
Important Points to Consider
The fields fval and fval1 will hold the value of field that you will double click. In our usecase, we store Employee ID in it and use the same to fetch data from table, hence its field type is similar to the Emp ID, i.e. INT4 .
Also, You need to double click on set PF-STATUS ‘PFSTATUS’.
And enter the following as shown below:
If F2 value is not set as ‘PICK’ as shown above then it will cause issue and you will wonder why double click is not working for ABAP Interactive report.
Code Explanation
In the program mentioned above, we have discussed Interactive operation in ABAP Report. This program has comments wherever required. Still, we will be explaining the key points of this program. This program utilizes ABAP Interactive Events, do read it here, before proceeding.
Initially, we have defined Parameters to take Employee ID as input, variables to perform query and have set PF-STATUS as ‘PFSTATUS’. This PF Status is used to display standard Menu buttons on the top i.e. Execute, Close, Back, etc
Forms/Performs : Here we have written following forms as per the requirement:
validate_input: Here we check if the employee id field is left blank or if wrong employee id is entered. In both cases we raise error
get_data: Here we are fetching basic employee details from table
display_data: Here we are displaying data (list 0)
primary_list: Here we are fetching employee salary details on list 1
secondary_list: Here we are fetching employee address details on list 2
Output
Screen 1:
Screen 2:
Screen 3:
Tutorial Video
You can watch the below video to learn implementation:
Preface – This post is part of the ABAP Programs series.
In ABAP, if you know basic SQL operation to perform CRUD Operations in ABAP report, then this article will teach you multiple ways to perform the same.
Introduction
ABAP report has more often a requirement to perform any of the following operation:
Create : It means, you add data into a table
Read : It means, you read data from a table
Update : It means, you update any data of a table
Delete : It means, you delete a record from a table
Everything in programming are directly or indirectly performing CRUD operations only. Let’s take example of Facebook.
Whenever anyone create a profile on Facebook, the data of new Facebook ID is added into a table.
Create Operation in Facebook
If you want to see your profile, data is read from the same table.
Read Operation in Facebook
If you want to update your profile, data is updated in the same table.
Update Operation in Facebook
And if, you plan to delete your account permanently, data is deleted from the same table.
Delete Operation in Facebook
You see, here we have performed CRUD operations only.
ABAP Program to perform CRUD Operations
Program Requirement: Create an ABAP report to provide four radio buttons with name Create, Update, Read and Delete. Employee ID input box will be always visible. If Create button is clicked, Input boxes will be available for Employee Details Input. On Save, it will save data in table. If Update button is clicked, Input boxes will be visible with pre-loaded data for the Employee ID. On Update, it will update data in the table. If Read is clicked, the data for the Employee ID will be visible. If delete radio button is clicked, on click of Delete button, data will be deleted.
Some Tables you will need:
Employee Basic Table
Employee Salary Table
Employee Address Table
"Program for Reading , Updating , Inserting & Deleting data from a table
TABLES: zBarry_emp. "Employee Table
DATA: lt_itab TYPE TABLE OF zBarry_emp, "Internal table for employee basic details table
lwa_emp TYPE zBarry_emp, "Workarea for employee basic details table
lt_itab1 TYPE TABLE OF zBarry_add, "Internal table for employee address details table
lwa_emp1 TYPE zBarry_add, "Workarea for employee address details table
lt_itab2 TYPE TABLE OF zBarry_sal, "Internal table for employee salary details table
lwa_emp2 TYPE zBarry_sal, "Workarea for employee salary details table
total_sal TYPE zBarry_salary, "total salary
tax TYPE zBarry_salary, "total tax
c TYPE zBarry_salary, "tax percentage
inhand TYPE zBarry_salary. "inhand salary
PARAMETER: p_empid TYPE char8.
SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK blk1 WITH FRAME TITLE text-101. "selection screen block
PARAMETERS:p_rad1 RADIOBUTTON GROUP rg1 USER-COMMAND flag DEFAULT 'X',
p_rad2 RADIOBUTTON GROUP rg1,
p_rad3 RADIOBUTTON GROUP rg1,
p_rad4 RADIOBUTTON GROUP rg1.
SELECTION-SCREEN END OF BLOCK blk1.
PARAMETERS:
p_fname TYPE char20 MODIF ID pa1, "parameter for first name
p_lname TYPE char20 MODIF ID pa2, "parameter for last name
p_city TYPE char20 MODIF ID pa3. "parameter for city name
AT SELECTION-SCREEN OUTPUT.
LOOP AT SCREEN.
CASE screen-group1. "selecion of parameters on the basis of radiobutton selection
WHEN 'PA1'.
IF p_rad1 = 'X'.
screen-active = '0'.
ENDIF.
IF p_rad2 = 'X'.
screen-active = '1'.
ENDIF.
IF p_rad3 = 'X'.
screen-active = '1'.
ENDIF.
*
IF p_rad4 = 'X'.
screen-active = '0'.
ENDIF.
MODIFY SCREEN.
WHEN 'PA2'.
IF p_rad1 = 'X'.
screen-active = '0'.
ENDIF.
IF p_rad2 = 'X'.
screen-active = '1'.
ENDIF.
IF p_rad3 = 'X'.
screen-active = '1'.
ENDIF.
IF p_rad4 = 'X'.
screen-active = '0'.
ENDIF.
MODIFY SCREEN.
WHEN 'PA3'.
IF p_rad1 = 'X'.
screen-active = '0'.
ENDIF.
IF p_rad2 = 'X'.
screen-active = '1'.
ENDIF.
IF p_rad3 = 'X'.
screen-active = '1'.
ENDIF.
IF p_rad4 = 'X'.
screen-active = '0'.
ENDIF.
MODIFY SCREEN.
ENDCASE.
ENDLOOP.
AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON RADIOBUTTON GROUP rg1. "Auto-Popullating data in parameters
IF p_rad3 EQ 'X'. "if update radio button is selected
SELECT emp_fname emp_lname
FROM zBarry_emp
INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE lt_itab
WHERE empid = p_empid.
IF sy-subrc = 0.
LOOP AT lt_itab INTO lwa_emp.
p_fname = lwa_emp-emp_fname.
p_lname = lwa_emp-emp_lname.
ENDLOOP.
ENDIF.
ENDIF.
START-OF-SELECTION.
IF p_rad3 EQ 'X'. "Updating data
SELECT *
FROM zBarry_emp
INTO TABLE lt_itab
WHERE empid = p_empid.
UPDATE zBarry_emp SET emp_fname = p_fname
emp_lname = p_lname WHERE empid = p_empid.
UPDATE zBarry_add SET city_name = p_city WHERE empid = p_empid.
IF sy-subrc = 0.
MESSAGE 'Employee Record Updated' TYPE 'I'.
ELSEIF sy-subrc <> 0 .
MESSAGE 'Wrong Employee ID3' TYPE 'E'.
EXIT.
ENDIF.
EXIT.
ENDIF.
IF p_rad1 EQ 'X'. "Displaying Data
SELECT *
FROM zBarry_emp
INTO TABLE lt_itab
WHERE empid = p_empid.
IF sy-subrc = 0 .
LOOP AT lt_itab INTO lwa_emp.
FORMAT COLOR 1 INTENSIFIED ON. "adding dark color to headings
WRITE: /3 'Employee Id',
20 'First Name',
35 'Last Name',
70 'Date Of Birth',
90 'Gender',
110 'Marital Status',
130 'Created By',
150 'Creation Date'.
ULINE. " FOR UNDERLINE
FORMAT COLOR 2 INTENSIFIED ON. "adding dark color to fields
WRITE:/3 lwa_emp-empid, 20 lwa_emp-emp_fname,35 lwa_emp-emp_lname,70 lwa_emp-dob,90 lwa_emp-gender,110 lwa_emp-marital,
130 lwa_emp-created_by,150 lwa_emp-created_date.
ENDLOOP.
ULINE.
SELECT *
FROM zBarry_add
INTO TABLE lt_itab1
WHERE empid = p_empid.
LOOP AT lt_itab1 INTO lwa_emp1.
FORMAT COLOR 1 INTENSIFIED ON. "adding dark color to headings
WRITE: /3 'Employee Id',
20 'Flat No.',
35 'Street Name',
70 'City Name',
90 'State',
110 'Pincode'.
ULINE. " FOR UNDERLINE
FORMAT COLOR 2 INTENSIFIED ON. "adding dark color to fields
WRITE:/3 lwa_emp1-empid, 20 lwa_emp1-flat_no, 35 lwa_emp1-street_name,70 lwa_emp1-city_name,90 lwa_emp1-state,110 lwa_emp1-pincode.
ENDLOOP.
ULINE.
SELECT *
FROM zBarry_sal
INTO TABLE lt_itab2
WHERE empid = p_empid.
LOOP AT lt_itab2 INTO lwa_emp2.
FORMAT COLOR 1 INTENSIFIED ON. "adding dark color to headings
WRITE: /3 'Employee Id',
20 'Transaction ID',
35 'Month',
70 'Date Of Salary',
90 'Basic Salary',
110 'Food Card',
130 'Transport',
150 'Variable_M',
170 'Variable_Q',
190 'Medical',
210 'Others'.
ULINE. " FOR UNDERLINE
FORMAT COLOR 2 INTENSIFIED ON. "adding dark color to fields
WRITE:/3 lwa_emp2-empid,20 lwa_emp2-tid,35 lwa_emp2-mon,70 lwa_emp2-dos,90 lwa_emp2-bs,110 lwa_emp2-fc,130 lwa_emp2-transport,
150 lwa_emp2-variable_m,170 lwa_emp2-variable_q,190 lwa_emp2-medical,210 lwa_emp2-others.
ENDLOOP.
ULINE.
total_sal = lwa_emp2-bs + lwa_emp2-fc + lwa_emp2-transport + lwa_emp2-variable_m +
lwa_emp2-variable_q + lwa_emp2-medical + lwa_emp2-others. "total salary calculated
WRITE:/ 'Total Salary = ', total_sal.
IF total_sal < 10000.
WRITE: 'Voila! No Tax'.
ELSEIF ( 10000 < total_sal AND total_sal < 35000 ).
c = 5 / 100.
tax = c * total_sal. "total tax calculated when 10000< total salary <35000
WRITE : / 'Tax = ', tax.
ELSEIF ( 30000 < total_sal AND total_sal < 50000 ).
c = 10 / 100.
tax = c * total_sal. "total tax calculated when 30000 < total salary <50000
WRITE : / 'Tax = ', tax.
ELSEIF total_sal > 50000.
c = 15 / 100.
tax = c * total_sal. "total tax calculated when total salary >50000
WRITE : / 'Tax = ', tax.
ENDIF.
inhand = total_sal - tax. "inhand salary
WRITE : / 'Inhand Salary' , inhand.
ELSEIF sy-subrc <> 0 .
MESSAGE 'Wrong Employee ID1' TYPE 'E'.
EXIT.
ENDIF.
ENDIF.
IF p_rad2 EQ 'X'. "Inserting Data
lwa_emp-empid = p_empid.
lwa_emp-emp_fname = p_fname.
lwa_emp-emp_lname = p_lname.
lwa_emp1-empid = p_empid.
lwa_emp1-city_name = p_city.
INSERT zBarry_emp FROM lwa_emp.
INSERT zBarry_add FROM lwa_emp1.
IF sy-subrc = 0.
MESSAGE 'Employee Record Inserted' TYPE 'I'.
ELSEIF sy-subrc <> 0 .
MESSAGE 'Wrong Employee ID2' TYPE 'E'.
EXIT.
ENDIF.
EXIT.
ENDIF.
IF p_rad4 EQ 'X'. "Deleting Data
DELETE FROM zBarry_emp WHERE empid = p_empid.
IF sy-subrc = 0.
MESSAGE 'Employee Record Deleted' TYPE 'I'.
ELSEIF sy-subrc <> 0 .
MESSAGE 'Wrong Employee ID4' TYPE 'E'.
EXIT.
ENDIF.
ENDIF.
Code Explanation
In the program mentioned above, we have discussed CRUD operation in ABAP Report. This program has comments wherever required. Still, we will be explaining key points of this program. This program utilizes ABAP Classical Events, do read it here, before proceeding.
Initially, we have defined Parameters to take input, variables to perform calculation and radio buttons to provide choice selection.
AT SELECTION-SCREEN OUTPUT: Here we have written conditions such that few input boxes become hidden and other visible according to the condition.
AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON RADIOBUTTON GROUP rg1 to auto-populate data in parameters.
START-OF-SELECTION: Here we have written SQL codes to perform Create, Update, Read and Delete according to requirement and condition.
Preface – This post is part of the ABAP Programs series.
To perform ABAPexcel upload using ABAP report, we need to call a FM ‘TEXT_CONVERT_XLS_TO_SAP’. This FM converts the excel data to ABAP data. Now we can store the same in our internal table and later in our database table. The only mandatory requirement is that the table fields should match the header of excel in a synchronous way, else wrong data will be saved.
Introduction
Many times we need to upload an excel data from our local storage on PC and insert those data into our ABAP tables. This can be easily achieved using ABAP Function Module ‘TEXT_CONVERT_XLS_TO_SAP’. In the given program we convert our excel data into ABAP data and insert those data in our ztable.
ABAP Excel Upload – Image Illustration of process
ABAP Program
TYPE-POOLS truxs.
PARAMETERS p_file TYPE rlgrap-filename.
TYPES : BEGIN OF t_tab,
filename TYPE char100sm,
END OF t_tab.
DATA : t_upload TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF t_tab,
wa_upload TYPE t_tab,
it_type TYPE truxs_t_text_data.
AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON VALUE-REQUEST FOR p_file.
CALL FUNCTION 'F4_FILENAME'
EXPORTING
field_name = 'p_file'
IMPORTING
file_name = p_file.
START-OF-SELECTION.
CALL FUNCTION 'TEXT_CONVERT_XLS_TO_SAP'
EXPORTING
i_tab_raw_data = it_type
i_filename = p_file
TABLES
i_tab_converted_data = t_upload[]
EXCEPTIONS
conversion_failed = 1
OTHERS = 2.
IF sy-subrc <> 0.
MESSAGE ID sy-msgid TYPE sy-msgty NUMBER sy-msgno
WITH sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 .
ENDIF.
END-OF-SELECTION.
DATA : ls_cc_impl TYPE zBarry_upload,
lt_cc_impl TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF zBarry_upload.
LOOP AT t_upload INTO wa_upload.
ls_cc_impl-mandt = sy-mandt.
ls_cc_impl-filename = wa_upload-filename.
APPEND ls_cc_impl TO lt_cc_impl.
ENDLOOP.
MODIFY zBarry_upload FROM TABLE lt_cc_impl.
Table and Excel
Excel Data for Upload in ABAP Table
Upload Excel Data
Explanation
In the above program, we have implemented the following steps:
Initially, we have defined TYPE-POOLS truxs. TYPE-POOLS have predefined methods that can be reused in multiple programs. Here we are using truxs, that is used later as truxs_t_text_data, a data type.
Now, we have define parameters: p_file. This will be used to take the file location as input.
Later, we have defined variables: t_tab which is a table type, t_upload, wa_upload and it_type.
Now, we have called a function module “F4_FILENAME” to process the file upload.
Then, we have called another function module ‘TEXT_CONVERT_XLS_TO_SAP’ to get the ABAP form of data into an internal table.
Once we have our data in an internal table, then we can easily append it to our data base table using loop.
Tutorial Video
You can watch the video below to learn implementation:
Preface – This post is part of the ABAP Programs series.
Many times in SAP ABAP, there is a requirement to Truncate, Round Down and Round Up a Decimal Number. In that case, we may use the predefined ABAP keywords to achieve the same. In this article, we will be discussing them altogether.
Introduction
We can truncate (remove decimal values), round down (5.5 to 6) and round up (5.5 to 5) in ABAP. To achieve these functionalities, ABAP has provided keywords like FLOOR, CEIL and TRUNC. These keywords are implemented in given ABAP program:
Round Down and Round Up Decimal Number in SAP ABAP – Image Illustration
Truncate, Round Down and Round Up Decimal Number in SAP ABAP – Image Illustration
ABAP Program
Data: tp_deci3 type p decimals 3,
tp_deci2 type p decimals 2.
tp_deci3 = '123.456'.
tp_deci2 = ( floor( tp_deci3 * 100 ) ) / 100. "always rounded down
Write tp_deci2.
tp_deci2 = ( ceil( tp_deci3 * 100 ) ) / 100. "Always rounded up
Write tp_deci2.
tp_deci2 = ( trunc( tp_deci3 * 100 ) ) / 100. "Truncate a number
Write tp_deci2.
Explanation
In the program, mentioned above, we have implemented following, step by step:
Initially, we have defined two variables: tp_deci3 and tp_deci2. Both of these variables are of type p i.e. packed (like float, it can have decimal values too). tp_deci3 can have 3 decimal places while tp_deci2 can have 2 decimal places.
Now, we have simply implemented the ABAP keywords: FLOOR, CEIL and TRUNC; one by one. [How it works has been illustrated via images, above].
