Preface – This post is part of the SAP ABAP OData Tutorial series.
Table of Contents
Introduction
In our previous article, we have already discussed what an OData is. In this article we will go through step by step process to create a SAP OData service. Later on, we will register our service and also test if it is working fine. In this article, we will not write any code related to CRUD (create, write, update and delete). To learn CRUD in OData, click here.
Step by Step Process to create SAP OData service
In this section we will follow multiple predefined steps to create an OData, these are:
- We will use SAP Service Gateway Builder (SEGW) to create a new project
- We will Import DDIC/CDS or other Structure to create an OData Model
- We will Generate our OData
- We will Register and test our Service
Create a new Service Builder project
To create a new project, follow the given steps:
- Go to transaction code SEGW, it will start the Gateway Service Builder.
- Click on the Create Project button, as shown below:
- Enter the given information
Field | Description | Example |
Project | It is the name of your SAP OData Service. It will start with Z or Y | ZPROJECT_NAME |
Description | Enter a description for your OData | Demo OData Project |
Project Type | SAP Provides given four Project Options:
1. Service with SAP Annotations 2. Service with Vocabulary-Based Annotations 3. Annotation Model for Referenced Service 4. OData 4.0 Service We will learn about them in details, later. |
Service with SAP Annotations
|
Generation Strategy | It will be preloaded as Standard which means, it has all standard configurations. | Standard |
Package | Enter your project package or temporary package i.e. $TMP | $TMP |
Person Responsible | It will be preloaded with your User ID/ User Name | barryAllen |
- Press Continue and Save.
Import a DDIC structure
To use an OData Service, it should be designed in such way that it will read/update one or more table. Therefore, we need to import any table, structure or view. These are part of DDIC structure. We can also import Data model from file, RFC/ BOR Interface or a search help. But in this section, we will learn how to import a DDIC structure:
- Click on the Data Model under the project we have recently created to expand it.
- Right Click on Data Model and click Import and then click DDIC Structure
- Now, a Wizard will open. Enter the following details, there:
Field | Description | Example |
Name | Enter a name of Model. It should be explanatory. | CustomerData |
Type | We have two options here:
1. Entity Type: This means a simple DDIC structure/table/view will be imported 2. Complex Type: This means a complex DDIC structure/table/view will be imported |
Choose Entity Type |
ABAP Structure | Choose your required table or structure name. Just copy and paste the name of your DDIC table/structure/view | zcustomer_data |
Create Default Entity Set | It will create an Entity Type with the same fields as of Entity. Also, the name will remain same. We recommend you to leave it check marked. | Leave it check marked |
The above details are shown below:
- In the next step, the wizard will show all the fields of the imported table. Just select them all and click next as shown below:
- In the next step, the wizard will show all the checked fields. Here you need to check the primary keys and finish, as shown below:
Generate OData Service
Now, we have created an OData object with a model. Now to use this Object we need to generate all the required classes. To generate, press the Generate Runtime Objects button, as shown below:
Note: The Generate Runtime Objects button automatically saves the project before generating classes.
Pressing the above button, will open a dialog box as shown below:
Just press Continue, as shown above. The above process will generate following classes:
Class Name | Description |
MPC Class | MPC stands for Model Provider Class. This is generated and refreshed every time, we generate a class. It is not recommended to extend this class for Model Annotations, because all the methods are deleted whenever the OData is generated. |
MPC EXT Class | This is the Extended MPC class, and all the methods are conserved even the OData is generated. |
DPC Class | DPC stands for Data Provider Class. This is generated and refreshed every time, we generate a class. It is not recommended to extend this class for CRUD operation, because all the methods are deleted whenever the OData is generated. |
DPC EXT Class | This is the Extended DPC class, and all the methods are conserved even the OData is generated. |
MDL Class | The is the Model Class. |
SRV Class | This is the Service Class. |
Just click on Lock Object to generate the classes, as shown below:
Register SAP OData using the Gateway client
Once the OData is generated, now it is the time to register the service. Once the service is registered, then only it can be used anywhere.
To generate an OData, follow the given steps:
- Double click the node Service Maintenance
- Select any System and click Register as shown below:
- Enter an Alias, if asked as shown below:
- Now, in the next screen you get following options:
Field | Description |
Technical Service Name | This is auto generated service name |
Service Version | It is auto generated service version |
Description | It is the Description of the OData you have mention earlier |
External Service Name | It is same to the auto generated service name |
Namespace | It is by default bank |
External Mapping ID | It is by default Empty |
External Data Source Type | It is by Default set to source type C |
Technical Model Name | It is auto generated Model Name |
Model Version | It is auto generated Model Version |
Package Assignment | Assign your package name here, or just choose Local Object from the button below. It will be then $TMP |
ICF Node | It is by default “Standard Mode” |
oAuth Enablement | It provides option to add extra authentication, in case you need oAuth2 enablement choose it, else leave it blank |
In our case, we just need to choose package and click confirm, as shown below:
Once the service is registered, the Registration will turn green, as shown below:
Test the OData service
- To test the OData service, click the SAP Gateway Client button, as shown below:
- It will open a new screen, here click Add URI Option as shown below:
- Choose $metadata, here:
- Click Execute as shown below:
If the status is 200, as shown above, then it means your OData is working fine.
In upcoming articles, we will learn how to perform CRUD operation using OData.
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