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Author: Rudramani Pandey

  • What are SAP Business Technology Platform free Trial Accounts?

    Preface – This post is part of the SAP Business Technology Platform (SAP BTP) series.

    Introduction

    SAP business technology is the application that is technologically founded for all the SAP applications for users all over the globe. It also provides a platform for all intelligent enterprises. Through this platform, customers are given agility, continual innovations, and business value to the users through their integration process. The users of SAP technology are provided with the data to value option and the option of the extensibility of all the SAP users and the third-party application service and provide them with the data assets. The technology works for the business’s development and growth and gives them a platform where they can represent their businesses and help them grow and develop. The technology is a trustworthy and reliable source that users can efficiently work. Here we will learn about SAP business technology-free account and its top services.

    What is an SAP business technology-free account?

    It provides the trial service to the users and the pay-as-you-go service. It also provides the CPEA account service to partners, individual developers, and customers. It has one outstanding good service for the user they can operate the SAP account for free without the limit of charging for each time. These accounts help users upgrade their versions to the next level, where they can easily upgrade to the paid versions when they find it a productive source to use. The account you made under the SAP service allows users to store their data and have it there for a long time. This service will enable users to move their data to production quickly and nicely. Unlike other services, it allows the user to have the trial account for more than 1year.

    Top services in the Free trial account?

    1. Long duration

    It allows users to access their free trial services for 365 days. In other services, they only provide the trial for one month or two months. So, here users are getting more time to satisfy themselves.

    2. Explore primary function

    In the trial account, the users can easily explore the essential functions of the SAP technology, which means you can easily have access to explore SAP management and other sources. If you find it productive, then users can have a premium account.

    3. Storage

    In the trail service, the users can easily access the four GB storage, which they can extend up to 8GB, and also it provides the ten total routes and approx. Forty services to the users.

    Conclusion

    So, we can now conclude that the services provided by the SAP technology in the free account are very reliable for the users, and they have one year to use it. It gives the users a pay-as-you-go service to the users and under which the users can easily find their resources, and if they find them productive for their work and development, they can easily use them for growth. The trial account lets the users explore the essential management services, and the other servers barely provide the data. This service also allows the users to store their data for a longer time on their technology.

     

  • What are SAP Business Technology Platform Products?

    Preface – This post is part of the SAP Business Technology Platform (SAP BTP) series.

    Introduction

    SAP BT(business technology) is the online platform that provides users with the area where they can keep and analyze the data. It also provides the users with the artificial intelligence platform, application development platform, and automation and integrates them into one. It provides the users with a unified environment where they can develop their resources. It also delivers innovation that is natively supported by SAP applications. It also enriches user interaction with the help of automation and artificial intelligence. It accesses real-time users with the help of a complete view of your data and resources. They use the no-code and the first-code service to faster your work. The use of data and analysis of data has been within the proper context, meaning from the help of the SAP Application. The products of the SAP BT( business technology) are excellent and so helpful to the users that they can use them for the growth and development of their company. Let us learn about the products of the SAP business platform. Check all the SAP BTP products here.

    What are the benefits of SAP BTP products?

    1. Customer Data Management

    It provides the customers with the storage of the data for the long term. The free trial gives the user’s storage facility. All the users can store their data on their portal as it also provides them security.

    2. Affordable SaaS

    The SAP BTP(Business technology platform) provides the users with a free trial account service for one year. In contrast, another platform hardly provides it for one month or two months, so if users are satisfied with their services, they can go for a pay-as-you-go service that doesn’t cost much.

    3. Good Sources

    The SAP business technology provides users with reliable and suitable sources to solve their problems quickly. The references in the SAP business technology are excellent and helpful for users. The users can easily find the answer to their problems.

    4. The business technology platform

    It provides a platform to businesses where users can develop their business applications and do automation. It gives the idea of business the extension and the analysis. It also provides the business with the integration process of development and research.

    5. Human Capital Management

    It provides the users with human capital management resources. It gives the employees experience in management. It also focuses on the payroll and HR calls. It tries to teach people about talent management and focuses on analytics. It helps businesses in sales production management.

    Product Uses
    Customer data Helps to store data of users
    Affordable Cheap to buy a subscription
    Good sources Provide better sources
    Business technology platform Helps in Business expansions
    Human capital management Used in Sale promotions

     

    Conclusion

    So, we can conclude that SAP BTP helps the users do their work through their resources and development and also helps them store data and provide security. It gives the users a pay-as-you-go account and helps the business extend through their technology and ideas, help them analyze data, promotes sales promotions of the users, and provides capital management of the resources.

  • Why use SAP Business Technology in place of other cloud providers?

    Preface – This post is part of the SAP Business Technology Platform (SAP BTP) series.

    Introduction

    SAP business technology is the business platform that comprises the integrated four technology platforms, which are database, technology management platform, Application development, integration, analytics, and intelligent technologies. SAP business platform is the technology that helps turn users’ data into business values. Also, it composes the end-to-end business process value and allows businesses to extend SAP business applications quickly and easily. The SAP cloud platform is no sooner exiting as it retired. As we see nowadays, we can see that companies need to have access to real-time informal decisions. It helps the users to apply advanced technologies and also apply for the best practices. Looking at the SAP, we see we go across the drive integration for the solution portfolios. It also includes the scenarios like lead to cash, source to pay, design to operate and hire to retire. Let us learn why SAP BTS must be chosen over other platforms available in the market.

    Pros of the SAP Business Technology

    1. Long duration of the free trial

    If we look into the other business platform, they hardly provide free trial services for one month or two months. But the SAP business technology offers users a free trial for one year.

    2. Security

    The SAP technology provides users with data management, account management, custom development, and operations security. Users can get the authorizations through the roles and the roles collection around globe accounts.

    3. Extension

    Let’s look at the extension capacity of the SAP business technology platform. We can see that the developers can imply loosely with the coupled extension services applications with security, thus the workload of the additional work modules on the top of the extended cloud platform through solutions.

    Cons of the SAP Business Technology

    1. Expensive licenses

    While on the other cloud platform, the cost depends on the use cases. But in the SAP platform, the price is a little bit pricey. Users who want to increase the services and products in their accounts become expensive.

    2. Poor customer service

    Many users have service issues, as they mention the poor support of the platform and the poor administrative services users are facing, for which even users have complained.

    3. The server closes due to a heavy load

    The server issue also arises a lot of times when the users work on heavy software and there is a heavy load on the server. It closes the portal suddenly without allowing the users to save the file.

    Why use SAP Business technology in place of other cloud providers?

    The SAP business technology provides the users with a one-year free trial account. It allows the users to add additional services, and it will enable them to store their data on their portal and help them find their data quickly. It provides them with the security of the data and resources. The big companies use it as a better product line.

    Conclusion

    So, we can conclude that there are pros and cons of the SAP business platform, but users have to see if it is helping them or not in a good way and better for their business development. If they find it good, they should use it or leave it.

  • What are the features of the SAP Business Technology Platform?

    Preface – This post is part of the SAP Business Technology Platform (SAP BTP) series.

    Introduction

    SAP introduces a business platform consisting of various technology services and products to make customers’ business easier and quicker. There are the leading market players from which we can differentiate SAP easily. BTP is a platform where various products and services are available on just one platform. It makes it easy for business owners to choose the suit or the product that can fit perfectly in the needs of their business. The products offered on this platform are divided into four major categories: database and data management, analytics, application development, and intelligent Technology. Under these categories, a variety of services and packages of services available can be chosen and applied to the organization for a better outcome. Here we will learn about SAP BTP’s features and the reason for choosing this platform over other platforms.

    Features of SAP BTP

    The platform is concise of four basic categories in which the wholes services and products are available and make the SAP be most readily and wisely chosen.

    1. The platform includes a database and data management system that helps efficiently process data by utilizing some processes, such as data pipeline, data virtualization, metadata management, and connect management.

    2. It also utilizes application development in which it provides integration suit and intelligent BPM to provide great enterprise solutions and helps in the growth of the business.

    3. The platform provides analytics that helps plan and forecast the organization’s products. It also helps to maintain your data security while combining it with a third party using ML. Advanced Technology helps to predict the scenario wisely.

    4. It also provides intelligent Technology that consists of the most modern and demanded Technology in the market, such as artificial intelligence, ML, robotics, IoT, and blockchain. Under days solutions are provided that can relate to real-time problems and helps you to automate the complex and repetitive decisions in the business.

    Why do business owners choose SAP BTP?

    The most crucial reason why do business on a store’s SAP BTP over other platforms is that it provides different categories and services of business growth from other platforms. Also, it is a technology and intelligent enterprise platform that can help business owners to achieve integration and flexibility in all the applications. It makes it easy to connect the data with the third-party system using machine learning and also protects the data from any misuse. It helps to choose innovative ideas to increase the business potential. This business platform provides all the tools that can fulfill the need of any enterprise or business holder. The customers can easily find solutions to their business problems and implement them to resolve them. It provides a monitoring data system that will help the business to recognize their clients’ feedback and support to analyze the negative or weakest points where to work and make them strong.

    Conclusion

    Many cloud platforms in the market are racing with each other to be at the top of the race, but SAP is doing something different that can help the business expand and grow in the perfect way. SAP Business Technology platform makes the work easy and flexible and also lets the customers choose the cloud and frameworks of their choice. Hence the features provided by this business platform make it more reliable and reason for being selected among other platforms in the market.

  • History of the SAP business Technology Platform

    Preface – This post is part of the SAP Business Technology Platform (SAP BTP) series.

    Introduction

    The SAP business technology platform is the integrated platform as a service. The SAP business technology platform allows users to integrate on the premises quickly. It provides the venue for the cloud-based applications that help them grow and develop. It gives the users the processors and the tools to make the development. It also provides the users with the prebuilt content that SAP manages. It helps the users to grow the business enterprise shortly with all the integrated resources they provide. They also allow users to build up the capabilities to increase connections. It helps to get much more experience for its customers, partners, and employee of the enterprise for their development and growth.

    History of the SAP business technology platform

    Suppose we look at the history of the SAP business technology platform. In the initial stage, the SAP business technology platform was unveiled as an SAP net-weaver cloud belonging to the SAP HANA cloud portfolio, which started on October 16, 2012. The cloud platform was again reintroduced on May 13, 2013, with the name SAP HANA cloud platform as a platform of SAP cloud products, including SAP business object Cloud. So, we can see this recent platform helps users grow and develop their businesses.

    Launching Service

    The SAP platforms started recognized by the name SAP Hana cloud platform in 2013, where business objects were added to the platform. At that time, there were 4000 customers involved with the platform, with 500 partners adopting SAP cloud for business purposes. After the increase and decreased growth of the platform, the platform was again renamed the SAP cloud platform at a Mobile World Congress in 2017 and officially recognized as the SAP Business Technology platform in 2021. The business platform has gained a lot of fame due to its business strategies and features that can help any type of business grow. Several services are available on the platform, divided into integration, user experience, analytics, IoT, security, mobile business services, data and storage, DevOps, and many more.

    Success

    The rate of success can be calculated with the revenue generation and customers bound with the platform. The platform’s customer use success started in 2012 when SAP became capable of its 4000 customers and 500 partners worldwide. These numbers then never stop and increase with more service launching. The cloud platform has generated 34% of more revenue, where 3.06 billion euros come through Saas and Paas.

    Conclusion

    The war in Ukraine has impacted the shares and profit generation of SAP, due to which SAP has observed a 32% of downfall in operating profit and a 5.8% down in the operating margin. The absent downs are carried on, but the success rate can also be not neglected. The services and products provided by the platform are very helpful for businesses to gain a perfect strategy. The business services and solutions became a reason for the successful growth of the platform.

  • What are the services provided by the SAP business technology?

    Preface – This post is part of the SAP Business Technology Platform (SAP BTP) series.

    Introduction

    SAP business technology is the online platform that provides the users with the area where they can keep and analyze the data. It also provides the users with the artificial intelligence platform, application development platform, and automation and integrates them into one. The SAP business technology has the overview which gives them to deploy, build and operate their new functions. Users can easily extend the servicesSucce of the SAP business technology without disturbing their core and parts. They need not to even worry about the processors. The technology works for the business’s development and growth and gives them a platform where they can represent their businesses and help them grow and develop. Looking at the SAP, we see we go across the drive integration for the solution portfolios. It also includes the scenarios like lead to cash, source to pay, design to operate, and hire to retire. In this complete reading, we will get complete information about the service of SAP business technology at the end.

    What are the services provided by SAP business technology?

    1. Success Experience

    It helps the users scale their business success and analyze it from the last year. It allows the users to specify the services they like and want to continue with in the future. It also increases the user experience about the business and how to make changes to grow it and make it stand in the competitive market.

    2. Extension

    It provides the users with the facility of extending the use of the resources, products, and services. It also tells users how they can grow in the market. The extension of the services is straightforward through their portal.

    3. Success services

    It provides the users with the services in which they can have data management and growth management and how they can increase sales and develop their business more, and everything which helps them attain success in their business.

    4. Free trial service

    It provides the users with the free trial service to use the SAP business technology for free for one year. If they find it productive according to their need and demand, they should go for the subscription account or the pay-as-you-go account.

    Conclusion

    So, we can conclude that the services provided by the SAP business technology help the users apply the high data performance. The users can make the optimal utilization of their product for the development of their business. The SAP business technology helps the users do their work through their resources and development and helps them store data and provide security. It also provides the SAP business technologies through the solutions in which users can quickly grow and have the time to make good profits and acknowledge good sources. The trial account lets the users explore the essential management services, and the other servers barely provide the data. This service also allows the users to store their data for a longer time on their technology. Users have to choose the cloud service according to their needs and demands, which can be fulfilling and beneficial for their business.

     

  • What are the SAP Business Technology Platform Solutions?

    Preface – This post is part of the SAP Business Technology Platform (SAP BTP) series.

    Introduction

    The business company thought of it as a driver of the decision factory. All the solutions provided by the SAP business tech are standard solutions, meaning Customers also have the requirements for innovative or industry development. The SAP BTP has the overview which provides them to deploy, build and operate their new functions. Users can easily extend the solutions of the SAP BT(business technology) without even disturbing their core and parts. They need not to even worry about the processors. Users can easily integrate the cloud platform and the extended SAP solutions when they build the service automation. The comprehensive quality of the SAP is provided with a straightforward, standard, and unified way of working in this business technology through their solutions. It also provides the central catalog of every customer for every connection of the SAP users. The keys in the SAP business technologies consist of various types, which help the users in every kind of search and help. In this article, we will be able to learn about the solutions of SAP BTP.

    What are the solutions of the SAP business technology?

    1. Analytical solution

    The SAP business technology provides the users with analytical solutions in which users have data management and data storing a key, which concerns the data storage facility. An analytical solution is a tool that provides the user access to data and provides a set of solutions.

    2. Graphic interference

    It helps the users in building the visuality with the users. It provides the users with the solution of design production, user production, and the portal, which works with drag-and-drop simplicity. It also provides the users with an extensive library of inbuilt content.

    3. Integrate smoothly

    It helps the users with the integration process. It helps them build the unified data solutions built through the SAP or Non-SAP system, which are connected with hundreds of connectors. It has not only a connector but also thousands of prebuilt integrations.

    4. Scale without the compromises

    It helps the users to increase the collaboration between the business and the IT technology with the comprehensive learning of the governance and the lifecycle capacity of management. It also increases the management source of the company and helps them in making good profits out of it.

    Solution Description
    Analytical solution Provide data management
    Graphical interference Building visuality
    Integrate smoothly Provide unified data solutions
    Scale without the compromise Helps in collaboration

     

    Conclusion

    So, we can conclude that the SAP business technology provides an absolute database service to the users and provides them reasonable solutions through their resources and products. It also provides the SAP business technologies through the answers in which users can quickly grow and have the time to make good profits and acknowledge good sources. The SAP business technology provides a solution to all business enterprises and even the big company who wants to grow in the competitive markets and make more and more money. The SAP business helps every company to grow in a competitive world and make more sales.

  • What is the SAP Business Technology Platform?

    Preface – This post is part of the SAP Business Technology Platform (SAP BTP) series.

    Introduction

    The platform is set up to provide the users with the platform they can use to grow their business and company. SAP has been set up to provide users with an intelligent platform that develops business enterprises. The SAP business program helps the users to accelerate the business outcome of the users. It provides them with the platform through their integration, data to value, and extensibility to the users. The SAP business program offers users two different models to the users which users can use to enhance and develop their business according to their choice and business needs. The SAP business program provides users with a pay-as-you-go basis system in which users only have to pay for the amount of technology they have used. Let us learn about the SAP business program’s merits and demerits.

    What is the SAP Business Technology Platform?

    The SAP BTP (business technology platform) users provide many users, including free tier services, development, production, and environment production. It gives the users the flexibility to use the technology through which they can turn on and off the services and features of the SAP business plan according to their needs and demands. It also provides the users with the commitment to get fixed to one single service at a given point in time. The main thing offered by the SAP BTP is that it does not provide the users with the same designs for the development and growth of business enterprises. The SAP business program offers the user the switching service in which users can switch from one service to another as their business requires.

    Merits of the SAP business technology platform

    • The SAP BTP provides the users with the services which are feasible for them.
    • It also gives them a free trial of one year in which users can quickly go through the platform and see whether it is of their type or provides the production capability to their business.
    • It gives the users the pay-as-you-go service they can easily use and pay only for their services.
    • It also allows users to switch between services according to their business requirements.

    Demerits of the SAP business technology platform

    • Demerits of the SAP business technology platform are that the EDI service of the SAP business technology is very complex to connect with the customers. The EDI service linking to the users is tough and necessary to do so because it helps the customers make corrections.
    • The JAVA version we see is difficult to replace in a laptop if users want to replace it with the SAP business technology platform.

    Services of the SAP business technology platform

    The SAP business technology provides the users with analytical solutions in which users have data management. It also provides the users with an extensive library of inbuilt content. It helps them build the unified data solutions built through the SAP or Non-SAP system, which are connected with hundreds of connectors.

    • S/4 Hanna cloud
    • ERP
    • Accounting and Finance
    • Treasury Management
    • Data Warehouse
    • Rapid Application
    • Identity Application
    • Autoscalar
    • Logging Services
    • Automation
    • Integration

    Conclusion

    So, we can conclude that the SAP business technology platform has merits and demerits. The users can easily decide to use it according to the needs and demands of the customers. They also provide the best services to the users.

  • Blockchain Interview Questions

    Preface – This post is part of the Blockchain Basics series.

    Introduction

    Blockchain is a concept that has a list of records called blocks that store data publicly and in chronological order. In Blockchain, the Cryptography methodology is used to encrypt the information or data to ensure the privacy of the user.

    Blockchain is a combination of the following three important technologies:

    • Cryptographic keys
    • Peer-to-peer network
    • Digital ledger

    The various features of blockchain are:

    1. A public distributed ledger works use hashing encryption to encrypt information
    2. Every block within the blockchain has a hash value (generated everytime before the block is added), which is the digital signature of the block

    The most common uses of Blockchain are:

    • Original content creation
    • Real-time IoT operating system
    • Voting mechanism
    • Supply chain and logistics monitoring

    Blockchain is a technology emerging daily, and choosing a career in this field is a very good decision. In this blog, we will provide you most frequently asked questions related to blockchain in technical interview rounds. The industry experts repeatedly ask these questions of Top-notch companies.

    General Blockchain Interview Questions

    1. What do you know about blockchain?
    2. Explain the difference between Bitcoin blockchain and Ethereum blockchain.
    3. Explain the main principle of blockchain technology.
    4. What are the various types of blockchains?
    5. What are the main reasons for considering Blockchain a trusted approach?
    6. Name the types of records present in the blockchain database.
    7. Is there any difference lies in between block records and transactional records?
    8. What type of database is used by Blockchain?
    9. Explain the features/properties of Blockchain.
    10. Explain Encryption. What is the role of encryption in blockchain?
    11. What do you understand by blocks in blockchain technology?
    12. How will you recognize a block in a blockchain approach?
    13. Is it possible to modify the data once written in a block?
    14. Explain Block Identifiers.
    15. Can we remove one or more blocks from the network of blockchain?
    16. What do you know about the security of a block?
    17. Explain Merkle trees. What is the importance of Merkle trees in Blockchains?
    18. What is a ledger?
    19. Is Blockchain an incorruptible ledger?
    20. Name some common types of ledgers that users in blockchain consider.
    21. How is a blockchain ledger different from an ordinary one?
    22. What types of records are kept in a blockchain?
    23. What are the common types of records that are kept in the blockchain?
    24. What does the system rely upon when a distributed digital ledger is used to record blockchain transactions?
    25. Explain the components of the Blockchain Ecosystem.
    26. Highlight some differences between proof-of-work and proof-of-stake.
    27. Name some popular platforms that are used for developing blockchain applications.
    28. Explain Double spending.
    29. Is it possible for a user to double spend in a Blockchain system?
    30. Explain some benefits of Blockchain.
    31. What does a block of blockchain consists of?
    32. Name the first distributed blockchain implementation.
    33. Bitcoin belongs to which type of Blockchain?
    34. How can we store Blockchain as a flat file, a database, or both?
    35. How are blocks linked in a blockchain?
    36. What is the primary benefit of immutability?
    37. Is a block in the blockchain possible to have more than one parent?
    38. What is the result of blockchain forks?
    39. Name one symmetric encryption algorithm.
    40. Explain decentralized network in the blockchain.

    Advanced level Blockchain Interview Questions

    1. Name some widely used cryptographic algorithms.
    2. Explain the RSA algorithm and highlight the security of this algorithm.
    3. Highlight some significance of the blind signature.
    4. What is secret sharing?
    5. Explain off-chain transactions.
    6. What do you know about executive accounting?
    7. What are the threats to the information with which users are familiar?
    8. What will be your approach in handling the risk management when it comes to securing the transaction records?
    9. Does secret sharing have any benefit in blockchain technology?
    10. Does Blockchain support executive accounting?
    11. What do you understand by 51% attack?
    12. What are the various challenges an organization faces due to information leaks?
    13. Explain information processing according to you.
    14. What are the key challenges associated with information processing?
    15. What are the core requirements for a business Blockchain?
    16. Name the principles of Blockchain that help eliminate security threats.
    17. Explain security policy.
    18. List some of the popular consensus algorithms.
    19. Name the steps that must be followed in the Blockchain project implementation.
    20. What is the need for different consensus mechanisms?
    21. Explain a real-life use-case example where Blockchain is being used.
    22. What is the Genesis Block?
    23. Explain the purpose of the Blockchain node.
    24. Why does Blockchain need coins or tokens?
    25. What is the reason behind a fixed supply of bitcoins?
    26. How do verifiers check if a block is valid or not?
    27. Explain Decentralised application.
    28. Define a smart contract.
    29. Explain the trapdoor function.
    30. What is the importance of the trapdoor function in blockchain development?
    31. Explain mining difficulty.
    32. Explain what a target hash is.
    33. Define stealth address.
    34. Compare PoW and PoS.
    35. Is it possible to brute force bitcoin address creation to steal money?
    36. Explain Double spending.
    37. Define smart contracts and their applications.
    38. Where do nodes run a smart contract code?
    39. Name the very first thing you must specify in a Solidity file.
    40. Explain the term ‘Nonce’ and how it is used in mining.
    41. What do you understand about Coinbase transactions?
    42. What do you think about the future of blockchain?
    43. List some demerits of Blockchain.
    44. Explain the use of cryptographic algorithms in blockchain with the help of an example.
    45. Which cloud computing platform is used for hosting an enterprise blockchain network?
    46. Give one example of a smart contract verification tool.
    47. Explain “Gas” on Ethereum.
    48. Explain how you will deploy and develop an Ethereum smart contract using the Ethereum ecosystem tools.
    49. Explain how you will deploy Ethereum smart contract on Hyperledger Fabric.
    50. How will you create a blockchain application using Node.js?
    51. Make some comparisons between ScriptPubKey and P2SH addresses.
    52. Compare and contrast centralized, decentralized, and distributed ledgers.

     

  • Introduction to Quantum Mechanics

    Preface – This post is part of the Quantum Computing series.

    Introduction

    What comes to your mind when someone asks you “what do you find mysterious?” Well, there are a million answers that one can think of. For example, you may find someone’s behavior or actions strange, you may think of the Bermuda Triangle, or those paranormal activities may catch your attention, or what about the time? Does it really exist? How does it work? Truly, there are so many things that puzzle us most of the time. Most of us believe that nothing is more peculiar than the universe itself! This ginormous place of galaxies, black holes, and planets,… (you name it, we include it, and this list will just go on like that) has so much to offer us, but at the same time, it leaves us with some mind-boggling questions that are really fascinating. However, it throws us into a never-ending, exhausting journey. If we look at the bigger picture, then we can say that nature is weird, and it comprises every damn living or non-living thing, an eco-system, etc., and the universe is just a part of it! What if someone tells you that science has all the answers? Then it will be a eureka moment for us. It may seem easy at first but we have to go through a lot of conundrums to solve the mystery. One of the most bizarre topics that we are going to talk about is quantum physics, the mind-blowing theory of modern physics which may help us find some interesting facts about nature.

    Imagine you are driving a car. While driving, there are several parameters that you consider. For example, what should be the speed? What about the velocity? When you are going to press the accelerator, should the speed be slow or fast? How far you have come, when you are going to stop, etc. All these parameters can be solved using classical mechanics. This is all about the things that are visible and sensed by our brain. By using the sophisticated system of math and physics, we can measure certain quantities. Among all these, the most fundamental entity we can think of is an atom. Does it have any connection with quantum mechanics? Is it even possible to talk about an atom that cannot be seen with the naked eye? If we get into the nitty-gritty, it will leave us awestruck with some really difficult ideas about different subatomic particles. Wait a minute! Why is it so herculean to comprehend this subtle idea of quantum mechanics? Well, the spectrum of human perception is not big enough to perceive the spooky actions that happen at such a minute level.

    What is Quantum Mechanics exactly?

    Quantum means discrete quantity i.e. the smallest bit of something. For instance, a single water molecule from the Pacific Ocean or a speck of dust. Mechanics means the behavior and motion of something. So this term together stands for the interaction and motion of individual objects of a bigger quantity. But what if we want to study the constituent particles that are smaller than an atom? To predict the activities that are going on at the subatomic scale, we need a wave function which is typically a mathematical function. For example, using a wave function it is possible to find the location of a particle. This is just a small part of this tiny realm about what it truly means. To understand the underpinnings of quantum strangeness let’s talk about the double-slit experiment. Which was performed by one of the greatest scientists of the 18th century Thomas young.

    Consider two scenarios: 1. Classical case. 2. Quantum Case

    Case 1: Classical case

    Think of an experimental setup shown in the given figure.

    • Imagine you have a source from which marbles are coming out.
    • There are two slits on the slide and a screen is kept at a distance d from the slide to observe the pattern.
    • These marbles pass through slits and hit the screen. You can imagine the bands much like slits appeared on the screen.

    Marble can be thought as a particle. Now replace the source of marble with a source of light. Light behaves like a wave. The pattern of dark and light fringes can be shown as following. There will be an interference: Constructive (Bright) and Destructive (light).

    Image source: Google

     

    This is the real picture of interference. Here Diffraction also plays a role. As of now, we won’t get into the nitty gritty of it.

    Case 2: Quantum Case

    Think of a beam consists of electrons. As we all are aware, electrons are particles. Block one slit and let electrons pass through another slit. The pattern will be as similar to the pattern made with marbles (a single band). However, when they pass through double slits, they must behave like marbles as per our understanding (figure 1, two bands). However, they exactly behave like a wave and create the interference pattern.

    Here is what is more interesting, in 2nd case if we choose to shoot electrons one at a time, there will be a single spot on the screen and no chance of interference. However, after some time the entire pattern is similar to the pattern of a wave. You may think, how it can be possible! Does the electron divide itself into two particles initially and later interfere with each other after passing through slits to hit the screen? Which slit an electron goes through? To observe this carefully, one idea is to place a detector by slits and watch over the electrons! It may sound funny but when we do that they behave like marbles and create the two bands’ pattern. Do electrons really know which slit they are going to pass through? This arises the question does an electron behave like a particle or wave? which leads to a wonderful phenomenon wave-particle duality.

    Stern Gerlach Experiment: PDF

    Postulates of Quantum mechanics: Link

    Applications of Quantum Mechanics

    (Kindly click the link to learn more)

    Other areas: where Quantum Mechanics dominates – Machine learning, communication, finance, optimization, chemistry, astrophysics, etc.

    These are not the actual cases if we choose to ignore the main part. For example, degenerate and non-degenerate time-independent perturbation theory, the semi-classical WKB approximation, time-dependent perturbation theory, the adiabatic approximation, and scattering theory.